1. Introduction When therapeutic exercise meets osteoarthritis in the medical billing landscape, precision becomes paramount. The relationship between CPT® 97110 (therapeutic exercises), ICD-10 M16.12 (unilateral primary osteoarthritis of the left hip), and CARC 273 (exceeded coverage guidelines) represents one of healthcare's most nuanced coding challenges. This intricate dance of procedural justification, diagnostic specificity, and policy adherence demands sophisticated un